Researchers from the Doctoral Program in Biotechnology, Graduate School, Universitas Padjadjaran, have uncovered potent antioxidant and antimicrobial properties in both essential oil (LPO) and ethanol extract (LPE) derived from lime (Citrus aurantifolia) peel. Utilizing gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), the team identified key bioactive constituents—such as δ-limonene and β-pinene in LPO, and polymethoxylated flavones like nobiletin and tangeretin in LPE. Through antioxidant assays (DPPH and ABTS), LPE demonstrated stronger activity than LPO, presenting IC₅₀ values of 0.66 mg/mL and 0.92 mg/mL, respectively. Both LPO and LPE exhibited broad-spectrum antimicrobial effects against common contaminants in Musa spp. micropropagation, including bacteria and fungi, by disrupting cell membranes and inducing cell morphological damage as shown by SEM imagery.

This advance supports several Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs):

SDG 2 (Zero Hunger) — by providing a safer, bio-based solution to microbial contamination in banana micropropagation, enhancing the efficiency and output of essential food crop production.

SDG 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production) — through the valorization of agricultural waste (lime peels) into high-value, eco-friendly biocontrol agents.

SDG 3 (Good Health and Well-Being) — by reducing reliance on chemical disinfectants, thus minimizing toxic residues and fostering safer laboratory and production environments.